Before you call any system “reliable”:
For solution reliability evaluation, they argued that most operational systems exist in the constant failure rate region. This allows the use of and Poisson processes —mathematically tractable assumptions that enable large-scale system analysis. Before you call any system “reliable”: For solution
For complex systems where state-space explosion is a problem (e.g., 50 components → 2⁵⁰ states), Billinton & Allan advanced theory. 50 components → 2⁵⁰ states)
World-class: <10 minutes/year. Developing grid: >1,000 minutes/year. 10 minutes/year. Developing grid: >